Evidence Library
Browse the claims, explore the research and understand what the evidence means for you.
Filter by topic, evidence or outcome
Browse by category
More filters
Choose an ingredient or topic and an outcome to narrow your results.
Browsing keyword: category:heart-metabolic-health. View the complete library
Ratings apply to the specific claim assessed. Read each investigation for its findings and limitations.
Can Strength Training Really Lower HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes?
STRONG — Regular resistance training lowers HbA1c on average in adults with type 2 diabetes. The effect is modest but useful, and it complements wider diabetes care rather than demonstrating a cure or replac...
Read the evidence →
Can Nicotine Vapes Really Help Adults Quit Smoking?
STRONG — Nicotine e-cigarettes help more adult smokers achieve sustained smoking cessation than nicotine replacement therapy in the reviewed trials. That specific benefit does not establish long-term safety ...
Read the evidence →
Can Exercise Reduce Liver Fat Without Major Weight Loss?
STRONG — Structured exercise can reduce liver fat even without substantial weight loss. That is a real metabolic benefit, but an improved scan is not proof that exercise has reversed fibrosis or cured every ...
Read the evidence →
Can a Mediterranean Diet Really Reduce Cardiovascular Events?
STRONG — Randomised dietary trials support fewer major cardiovascular events in higher-risk adults. The evidence concerns an eating pattern and support programme, rather than one superfood or a guarantee aga...
Read the evidence →
Can Potassium-Enriched Salt Really Lower Blood Pressure and Stroke Risk?
STRONG — Replacing ordinary salt with a lower-sodium, potassium-enriched alternative lowers blood pressure. Stroke benefits have also been demonstrated in high-risk adults, but potassium salt is unsuitable f...
Read the evidence →
Can Smartwatches Really Measure Blood Pressure Without a Cuff?
LIMITED — Cuffless technology can estimate blood pressure, but a useful estimate under test conditions is different from reliable all-day monitoring. Current guidance cautions against using these devices to ...
Read the evidence →
Does Xylitol Really Increase Your Risk of Heart Attacks?
LIMITED — There is a genuine cardiovascular safety signal: higher blood xylitol has been associated with later cardiovascular events, and small experimental studies found increased platelet responsiveness. T...
Read the evidence →
Can You Really Eat More Food and Still Lose Weight?
MODERATE — Eating a greater amount of lower-energy-density food can help reduce calorie intake and support weight loss. That means more physical food, not more calories. A guarantee of effortless weight loss...
Read the evidence →
Must You Combine Vitamin D3 With K2 to Protect Your Heart and Bones?
WEAK — Vitamin D and K have complementary biological roles, but research does not establish a universal requirement to supplement them together. A promising 2026 trial slowed coronary-calcium progression in ...
Read the evidence →
Do GLP-1 Supplement Stacks Really Prevent Side Effects and Muscle Loss?
WEAK — Nutrition support matters during GLP-1 treatment, but that does not validate a proprietary bundle. Protein may help fill an intake gap, fibre may help some constipation, and rehydration may be needed ...
Read the evidence →
Does Nicotine Replacement Therapy Really Help People Quit Smoking?
STRONG — Yes. High-quality evidence shows that licensed nicotine replacement therapy improves long-term quit rates. Combining a patch with a fast-acting form works better than one form alone, while the best ...
Read the evidence →
Do Oats and Beta-Glucan Really Lower LDL Cholesterol?
STRONG — Yes. Randomised trials support a modest average LDL reduction from sufficient oat beta-glucan. The effect depends on the food or preparation and is not a substitute for assessing overall cardiovascu...
Read the evidence →